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Last updated on September 30th, 2024 at 06:03 am

EASA Part 66 CAT-A Module 12 Helicopter Structures and Systems:

• The content and layout of Module 12, Helicopter Structures and Systems is provided by TEC Aviation Academy of Copenhagen, Denmark. It is unlike the others in the ATB Part 66 series as it is presented in a landscape format, and is written more as a powerpoint presentation than a regular textbook.
• This complete and approved book (by Denmark CAA for TEC) will serve both EASA and FAA Part 147 schools as well as experienced technicians wishing a complete understanding of the structures and systems of Rotary aircraft.

Table of Contents:

As prescribed in Part 66 Appendix 1

1. Rotary Wing Aerodynamics:
   terminology
   gyroscopic precession
   torque reaction and directional control
   dissymmetry of lift, blade up stall
   translating tendency
   coriolis effect
   vortex ring state, power settling, overpitching
   auto-rotation
   ground effect
2. Flight Control Systems:
   cyclic control
   collective control
   swashplate
   yaw control, anti-torque, tail rotor, bleed air
   main rotor head
   blade dampers
   rotor blade construction and attachment
   trim control
   system operation, manual, hydraulic, electrical, fly-by-wire
   artificial feel
   balance and rigging
3. Blade Tracking and Vibration Analysis:
   rotor alignment
   rotor tracking
   static and dynamic balance
   vibratin types and reduction
   ground resonance
4. Transmissions:
   gear boxes; main and tail rotors clutches; free wheel and rotor brakes tail rotor drive shafts, flexible couplings, bearings, vibration dampers, bearing hangers
5. Airframe Structures:
   airworthiness requirements for structural strength
   primary, secondary, tertiary structures
   fail safe, safe life, and damage tolerance
   zonal and station identification
   stresses and strains
   drains and ventilation
   system installation provisions
   lightning strike protection
   construction methods
   pylon, stabilizer, and undercarriage attachments
   seat installation
   doors; construction, mechanisms, operation
   windows and windscreens
   fuel storage
   firewalls
   engine mounts
   structure assembly techniques
   surface protection
   surface cleaning
   airframe symmetry
6. Air Conditioning:
   air supply
   air conditioning systems
   distribution systems
   flow and temperature control
   protection and warning devices
7. Instrument and Avionics Systems:
   pitot static instruments
   gyroscopic instruments
   compass instruments
   vibration indication (HUMS)
   glass cockpit
   other system indications
8. avionics fundamentals and operation
   auto flight
   communication systems
   navigation systems
9. Electrical Power:
   battery installation and operation
   DC power generation
   AC power generation
   emergency power generation
   voltage regulation
   circuit protection
   power distribution
   inverters, transformers, rectifiers
   external power
10. Equipment and Furnishings:
    seats, harnesses, and belts
    lifting systems
    emergency floatation systems
    cabin layout
    cargo retention
    equipment layout
    cabin furnishing installation
11. Fire Protection:
    fire and smoke detection and warning
    fire extinguishing systems
    system tests
12. Fuel Systems:
    system layout
    fuel tanks
    supply systems
    dumping, venting, and draining
    cross feed and transfer
    indications and warnings
    refueling and defueling
13. Hydraulic Power:
    system layout
    hydraulic fluids
    reservoirs and accumulators
    pressure generation; electric, mechanical, pneumatic
    emergency pressure generation
    filters
    pressure control
    power distribution
    indication and warning
    interface with other systems
14. Ice and Rain Protection:
    ice formation, classification, detection
    anti-icing and de-icing systems
    rain repellent and removal
    probe and drain heating
    wiper systems
15. Landing Gear:
    construction, shock absorbing
    extension and retraction systems
    indication and warnings
    wheels, tires, brakes
    steering
    air-ground sensing
    skids, floats
16. Lights:
    external, navigation, landing, taxiing
    internal, cabin, cockpit, cargo
    emergency
17. Pneumatic:
    system layout
    sources; engine APU, compressors, reservoirs, ground supply
    pressure control
    distribution
    indications and warning
    interfaces with other systems
18. Integrated Modular Avionics:
    typically integrated functions
    core system
    network components
19. On Board Maintenance Systems:
    central maintenance computers
    data loading systems
    electronic library system
    printing
    structure monitoring
20. Information Systems:
    storing, updating, and retrieving data
    general information systems
    flight deck information
    maintenance information systems
    cabin information system
    misc information system

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